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Annotated Bibliography:

Historical Fiction

Bohner, Charles H.  Bold Journey: West with Lewis and Clark.  1985.
Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company Trade & Reference Division, 2004.
This novel recounts the experiences of a young soldier, Hugh McNeal, who
accompanies Lewis and Clark on their expedition.  The story is drawn from
journal entries and is grounded in fact.  McNeal describes the perils of
traveling in a keelboat, the winter camps of 1804 and 1805, encounters
with Indians, and the dangerous journey over the Rocky mountains.  The
story also develops the characters of Lewis, Clark, Sacagawea and others.
Reviewed in School Library Journal, 9/2004.

Karwoski, Gail Langer. Seaman: The Dog Who Explored the West with Lewis
and Clark. 1999. Atlanta: Peachtree Publishers, Limited, 2003.
This story is told from the point of view of Seaman, the Newfoundland dog
who proved to be valuable companion on the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Seaman is mentioned nearly 30 times in the diaries Lewis and Clark, and
even had a creek named after him.  The story is provides information about
the dangers and adventures involved in the expedition.  Includes an
author's note that separates fact from fiction, pencil drawings, maps,
original entries from the men's journals, and a fictional introduction to
the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Reviewed in Book Report 09/01/99, Booklist 08/01/99, Kliatt 07/01/03,
School Library Journal 10/01/99 and 3/2003, Voice of Youth Advocates
(V.O.Y.A.) 04/01/03.
Awards: Children's Book Award (Georgia) (Nominated) 2001; Prairie Pasque
Award (Nominated) 2002; Volunteer State Book Award (Nominated) 2002.

McMullan, Kate. My Travels with Capts. Lewis and Clark, by George
Sullivan. New York: HarperCollins Children's Book Group, 2004. [Not yet
published - scheduled for Aug. 2004].
This new novel is written as a journal recounting the travels, from
Pittsburgh to the Pacific Ocean, of sixteen-year-old George Shannon, who
was the youngest member of Lewis and Clark's crew.  Shannon was not
mentioned very often in Lewis and Clark's journals, so the author has
created imaginative information to create this first-person account of the
expedition.  Includes author's note, maps, sketches of snakes, knives,
footprints, etc.  This story covers only the journey to the Pacific, not
the trip back home.
Reviewed in Kirkus Reviews, 7/1/2004.

O'Dell, Scott. Streams to River, River to the Sea: A Novel of Sacagawea.
1986. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group, 1989.
This story, which is told from Sacagawea's point of view, tells how she
was kidnapped, won by Charboneau in a game of chance, and came to be an
interpreter and guide for the Lewis and Clark expedition.  It deals mainly
with the experiences she encountered with the Corps of Discovery.  O'Dell
engages in heavy fictionalizing with the known events in the expedition,
but his fictionalizing helps move the story along.
Reviewed in Booklist 3/1/88, School Library Journal 5/1/86, Publishers
Weekly 4/25/86, Kirkus Review, 1986, L.A. Recommended Foreign Language
2/1/99,  Wilson's Children 11/1/96.
Awards: Scott O'Dell Historical Fiction Award (Won) 1987

Roop, Peter and Connie Roop. Sacagawea: Girl of the Shining Mountains.
1999. New York: Hyperion Books for Children, 2003.
Originally published as: Girl of the shining mountains : Sacagawea's
story. The Roops, who have written over 60 children's books from
historical fiction to nonfiction, present a fictional memoir through which
Sacagawea tells her six-year-old son about her experiences with the Lewis
and Clark expedition.  The story describes the hardships and ordeals of
the expedition and it develops Sacagawea's personality through her roles
as a mother, a navigator, and a negotiator who often saves the expedition
from disaster.
Reviewed in School Library Journal, 3/2000, and Publishers Weekly, 12/13/99.

Smith, Roland. The Captain's Dog: My Journey with the Lewis and Clark
Tribe. 1999. San Diego: Turtleback Books, 2000.
Smith, who is a former wolf biologist and expert on canines, takes the
Lewis and Clark journals and recounts the expedition as seen through the
eyes of Lewis's dog, Seaman.  In this book, children learn details of the
journey such as how and what the men hunted, what they ate, where they
camped, the conditions of their health, what relations were like with the
Native Americans. They also learn about Lewis' passion for botany and
biology as well as the interactions of the members of the group.
Reviewed in Booklist 10/15/99, Kliatt 09/02/00, Publishers Weekly
12/13/99, School Library Journal 11/01/99, Voice of Youth Advocates
(V.O.Y.A.), 04/01/00, Wilson's Junior High School 09/01/01.
Awards: Pacific Northwest Bookseller Awards (Won) 2000; Sasquatch Reading
Award Young Hoosier Book Award (Nominated) 2003; Flicker Tale Children's
Book Award (Nominated) 2002.

Wolf, Allan. New Found Land : --Lewis and Clark's Voyage of Discovery.
London: Candlewick Press, 2004. [Not yet published - scheduled for Sept.
2004].
This new novel contains poetic narratives in 14 voices that present the
expedition to the Pacific and back as a drama with many players.  It
offers the letters and thoughts of Thomas Jefferson.  The members of the
Corps of Discovery, Sacagawea, and Captain Lewis's Newfoundland dog all
tell of the historic expedition to find the Northwest Passage.  The
author's four years of research resulted in rich detail and clearly
defined characters.  Some of the characters are made up and others have
exaggerated personalities in order to completely portray the thoughts and
feelings of the crew.  Includes author's note, "What Became of Them?"
section, good maps, list of the crew,  list the Native American nations
encountered,  expedition miscellany, bibliography, Internet resources, and
glossary.
Reviewed in Kirkus Reviews, 7/152004.

Nonfiction

Blumberg, Rhoda. The Incredible Journey of Lewis and Clark. 1987.
Magnolia, MA: Peter Smith Publisher, Inc., 1999.
Blumberg refers to primary sources in this documentation of the Lewis and
Clark expedition.  She shows the human side of the members of the
expedition and explains both sides of the human encounters between two
different cultures.  Includes maps, reproductions, bibliography, index,
and an "Aftermath''  that traces the lives of the major members of the
expedition.
Reviewed in Books for the Teen Age (NYPL) 04/01/99, Notable/Best Books
(A.L.A), Publishers Weekly 8/7/95, Wilson's Children 11/01/96, Wilson's
Junior High School 09/01/01, Booklist 1/1/88, School Library Journal 12/87
and 3/2003.

Edwards, Judith. Lewis and Clark's Journey of Discovery in American
History. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, Inc., 1999.
This book begins when Jefferson requests that Lewis find the Northwest
Passage and ends with the expedition's return to St. Louis.  The members
of the expedition kept journals with differing points of view, and this
book includes excerpts from these journals as well as maps and drawings
made by William Clark.  The author accurately portrays the experience,
Lewis and Clark's outstanding leadership abilities, the determination of
the team of men, and the important assistance of Sacagawea.  Includes an
index, suggestions for further reading, a timeline, and short descriptions
of the Corps of Discovery members and their roles.
Reviewed in Book Report 11/01/99, Booklist 02/15/99.

Patent, Dorothy Hinshaw. Animals on the Trail with Lewis and Clark.
Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company Trade & Reference Division, 2002.
Lewis and Clark observed and documented many animals on their expedition
including the Great Plains wolf, mule deer, prairie dogs, grizzly bears,
and salmon. Several species and subspecies of mammals, birds, and fish
were recorded for the first time.  This book includes photographs by
William Muñoz that catalog the diverse assortment of wildlife recorded by
Lewis and Clark.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
Reviewed in Booklist starred 04/15/02, Bulletin of the Center for
Children's Books 05/01/02, Christian Library 06/01/03, Horn Book
05/01/02, Kirkus Review 03/15/02, School Library Journal 04/01/02,
Wilson's Children 06/01/03, Wilson's Junior High School 09/01/03.

Patent, Dorothy Hinshaw. Plants on the Trail with Lewis and Clark. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin Company Trade & Reference Division, 2003.
This book describes the Lewis and Clark expedition, focusing on the plants
they cataloged, their uses for food and medicine, and the plant lore of
Native American people.   The explorers collected and preserved nearly two
hundred seeds and specimens, from small prairie flowers to evergreen
trees.  The Indians taught them which plants were edible so they were able
to avoid starvation, and which could be used as building materials for
their canoes and shelters.  Color photos show plants, landscapes, and
historical sites.
Reviewed in Booklist 03/01/03, School Library Journal 05/01/03, Wilson's
Children 06/01/04, Horn Book 10/1/2003.

Marcovitz, Hal. Sacagawea: Guide for the Lewis and Clark Expedition. 2000.
Langhorne, PA: Chelsea House Publishers, 2001.
This book describes Sacagawea's journey with Lewis and Clark and discusses
her longevity as an American legend, including her appearance on the new
gold dollar coin.  Marcovitz creates added interest by posing unanswered
questions that still surround Sacagawea such as, What really happened to
Sacagawea after she left the Corps of Discovery?  Includes illustrations,
fact boxes containing information not repeated in the text, a chronology,
a glossary, a bibliography, a glossary, and an index.
Reviewed in Book Report 05/01/01, School Library Journal 04/01/01

St. George, Judith S. Sacagawea. New York: Penguin Group (USA)
Incorporated, 1997.
In this book, St. George, an award-winning author, tells the story of
Sacagawea, the Shoshoni Indian girl who served as interpreter and guide
for the Lewis and Clark Expedition.  Students will learn details about the
expedition and about Native American life in the early 1800s.  Sacagawea
braved all of the perils of the journey, taught the explorers about
natural foods, helped them negotiate with the Indians, and shared in their
triumph when they reached the Pacific.  Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Reviewed in  Book Report 05/01/98, Booklist 08/01/97, Bulletin of the
Center for Children's Books 11/01/97, Elementary School Library Collection
06/01/00, Kirkus Review 06/15/97, School Library Journal 03/01/98,
Wilson's Children 06/01/01, Wilson's Junior High School 09/01/01.
Awards: Children's Book Award (Rhode Island) (Nominated) 2000.

White, Alana J. Sacagawea: Westward with Lewis and Clark. Berkeley
Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, Inc., 1997.
This book, which is a biography of Sacagawea, is documented by reputable
works and sticks to the known facts. White discusses the two speculated
outcomes for Sacagawea, either death in 1812 or surviving to old age on
Wind River Reservation in Montana.  Includes maps, black and white photos
and reproductions, chronology, notes, glossary, further reading, and
index.
Reviewed in Kirkus Review 01/01/97, School Library Journal 08/01/97 and
3/2003, Voice of Youth Advocates (V.O.Y.A.) 08/01/97.

Brochures/Government Documents

United States Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Lewis and
Clark Trail. Washington: GPO, 2002.
This is a foldout brochure published by the National Park Service.  One
side contains a good summary history and an excellent timeline of the
expedition.  This side also includes pictures of Lewis and Clark as well
as Thomas Jefferson. It also presents pictures of artifacts from the trip
such as sketches and journal entries by Lewis and Clark, photos of maps
and journals, photos of some of the animals and places associated with the
expedition, and photographs of paintings that are associated with the
Lewis and Clark expedition. The opposite side of the brochure includes a
large map showing the Lewis and Clark trail with explanations of important
places and Indian nations encountered along the way.  This side also
includes information about The Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail.
This brochure provides a great deal of information in an easy-to-ready and
appealing format.

 Internet Sites

The Gateway to Educational Materials (GEM). U.S. Department of Education.
29 Jul 2004 <http://www.thegateway.org>.
The Gateway to Educational Materials (GEM) is a free consortium sponsored
by the U.S. Department of Education which provides educational resources
found on a number of federal, state, university, non-profit, and
commercial Internet sites.  These resources include lesson plans,
activities, and projects which have been contributed by consortium
members.  Users can browse through lists organized by subject or organized
by keyword.  The site can be searched by subject, keyword, title, grade
level, or any combination of these access points.  The search can be
limited to free materials, and the resources are linked from the GEM site.
 Teachers should use this excellent source to locate lesson plans.  Almost
every site either contains lesson plans or links to lesson plans.
GEM asks for collections from organizations with Internet-based
educational materials rather than individual Websites because the volume
of materials is greater and there is a greater likelihood of critical
review for acceptance.  Some of the collection holders who participate in
GEM are the National Education Association, Crossroads: A K-16 American
History Curriculum, Microsoft Encarta, the AskERIC Virtual Library, the
Library of Congress, Newton's Apple Lesson Plans, and many more.

"Go West Across America with Lewis and Clark." 2002.
NationalGeographic.com Kids. National Geographic. 01 Aug 2004
<http://www.nationalgeographic.com/west/>.
In this interactive site, students can travel along the Lewis and Clark
trail.  Each stop involves students making choices and then finding out
how their choices compare with Lewis and Clark's decisions, and how each
choice affected the expedition.  Each stop also includes a "Did you know?"
link in which students can find out more information about the people,
places, and animals along the way, and a "Journal" link with an entry from
one of the captains' journals.
National Geographic is a well-respected organization in the areas of
history and geography, so this site is presented by an authoritative
group.  The site gets students involved and thinking about the dangers and
decisions involved in the expedition.  Students can use this site
individually or in groups.  It could also be projected and used with the
whole class, perhaps with students taking turn making decisions and with
the whole class discussing the decisions.

"Learn about the Journey." 2003. National Lewis and Clark Bicentennial
Commemoration. William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. 01 Aug 2004
<http://www.lewisandclark200.org/index_nf.php?cID=87>.
This site which is co-sponsored by the National Park Service Challenge
Cost Share Program, Qwest, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, State Tourism
Offices and individual donors offers links to excellent resources
concerning many facets of the Lewis and Clark expedition.

The Lewis and Clark Expedition 1803 - 1806. 2004. Lewis and Clark Trail
Heritage Foundation, Inc.. 01 Aug 2004
<http://www.lewisandclark.org/?p=lib_landcexp&n=landcexp>.
The Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation focuses on scholarship and
historical accuracy with regard to the Lewis and Clark Expedition, and
education of young people.  This page of the Foundation's site includes an
in-depth History of the Expedition; an Expedition Roster with the names
and brief biographies of the crew members; an extensive Expedition
Timeline; The Expedition's Route Map; as well as a FAQ section.  This is
an excellent source of reliable information for both teachers and
students.

Lewis & Clark: Mapping the West. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural
History. 01 Aug 2004 <http://www.edgate.com/lewisandclark/>.
This is an excellent site presented by the Smithsonian National Museum of
Natural History.  It includes in-depth information on the following
topics: The Expedition, Mapping the West, Cartography, Indian Country,
Mapping on the Trail, and Filling the Empty Space.  Each one of these
topics includes an excellent overview, and links to related topics, maps,
important people, learning activities, and lesson plans.  The site
contains a wealth of information and resources for both teachers and
students.

"The Smithsonian from A-Z." 2002. Encyclopedia Smithsonian. Smithsonian
Institution. 29 Jul 2004 <http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/#l>.
Encyclopedia Smithsonian is designed to offer answers to frequently asked
questions about the Smithsonian Institution and provides subject links to
resources.  Clicking on the link for Lewis and Clark Expedition results in
the presentation of an excellent bibliography of resources about the Lewis
and Clark Expedition.  The bibliography is not annotated, but it lists
resources in all different media.

Simulations

Lewis and Clark (I5025). Simulation kit. Fort Atkinson, WI. : Interact.
Interact creates simulations that involve integrated curriculum,
cooperative learning, writing to learn, and authentic assessment.  Their
simulations have been proven to be effective in engaging students while
helping students to understand content.
The Lewis and Clark simulation, which was designed for middle school
students, takes students from Fort Mandan to the Pacific Ocean following
the route of Lewis and Clark’s expedition. Students work in cooperative
corps, and race against time and each other while learning about the
actual Corps of Discovery.  Students conduct research; write journal
entries and letters; give oral presentations; assume and rotate the roles
of Captain, Interpreter, Journal Writer and Private; learn and use mapping
skills, recreate actual scenarios faced by the Corps of Discovery; and
study the historical context of the expedition.

Board Games

Lewis & Clark Bingo. Board game. Mineola, TX : Lucy Hammett Games, 2002.
Lucy Dittmar Hammett, who was an art major has made many Bingo board games
which she illustrates herself.  Entrepreneur Magazine described Hammett as
"one of the more successful board game innovators of the decade."  She lik
es to combine art, nature, fun, family, and learning in her games.
Students will learn details of the Lewis and Clark expedition as they
play.  Each card contains a picture on one side, and information on the
other side.  The information includes people, places, plants, animals,
etc.  Ages 3 to adult.
Awards: Parent Choice Award, 2002.

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